TOPIC · Sentence structure & conjunctions

Modalsatz with indem and dadurch dass

B1

After this lesson, you will be able to use the structures "indem" and "dadurch dass" correctly in your sentences.

In this lesson, we will explore how to express actions and their means in German using the conjunctions "indem" and "dadurch dass". While "indem" indicates a method or way to accomplish a goal, "dadurch dass" establishes a causal relationship between actions. Let's look at their uses and differences.

1. INDEM

"Indem" is used to describe the means or method by which a goal is achieved. It leads into a subordinate clause (Nebensatz) that can appear both at the beginning or the end of the main clause. Here are some examples:

ExampleTranslation
Maria spart Geld, indem sie Rabatte nutzt.Maria saves money by using discounts.
Indem ich jeden Tag trainiere, bleibe ich fit.By exercising every day, I stay fit.
Man lernt eine Sprache, indem man spricht.One learns a language by speaking.

2. DADURCH DASS

"Dadurch dass" is used to explain the reason or cause for an action. It connects the main clause with the subordinate clause and can also emphasize the topic by appearing at the beginning of the sentence. Here are some examples:

ExampleTranslation
Man kann Energie sparen, dadurch dass man Geräte ausschaltet.You can save energy by turning off devices.
Dadurch dass wir früh aufstehen, haben wir mehr Zeit.By getting up early, we have more time.
Ich kann das Problem lösen, dadurch dass ich um Hilfe bitte.I can solve the problem by asking for help.

Note

Additionally, "durch" can be used with a noun to convey a similar meaning, as shown in the examples below:

ExampleTranslation
Durch das Nutzen von Rabatten spart Maria Geld.By using discounts, Maria saves money.
Durch das Abschalten der Geräte sparen wir Energie.By turning off the devices, we save energy.

In summary, "indem" describes a method, while "dadurch dass" explains a cause. Be mindful of the context in which you use both expressions!