Brottin

TOPIC · Miscellaneous (Anders)

Easily confused word pairs in German

A2B1B2

After this lesson you can clearly distinguish several typical confusing German word pairs and use them correctly in everyday situations.

In this lesson you will see typical German word pairs that are often confused because they look or sound similar but have different meanings or grammar. All examples are everyday language and fit A2–B2.

1"tauschen" vs. "wechseln"

  • tauschen: to swap things between two people or parties.
  • wechseln: to change something, to replace it with something else, or to change state.
VerbExampleMeaning
tauschenIch tausche mein altes Handy gegen dein Tablet.I give my old phone and get your tablet instead.
wechselnIch wechsle die Reifen am Auto.I remove the old tyres and put new ones on.
wechselnIch möchte den Job wechseln.I leave one job and start a different one.

Typical: "Geld wechseln", "die Socken wechseln", but "Briefmarken tauschen".

2"hören", "zuhören" and "hören von"

  • hören: to hear sounds, music, speech.
  • zuhören: to listen attentively.
  • hören von (jemandem/etwas): to get information or news about someone/something.
ExpressionExampleMeaning
hörenIch höre Musik.I am hearing / listening to music.
zuhörenHör mir bitte genau zu!Listen to me carefully.
hören vonIch habe lange nichts von dir gehört.I haven’t had any news from you for a long time.
hören vonIch habe von deinem neuen Projekt gehört.I have heard about your new project.

3"lernen" vs. "erfahren"

  • lernen: to study, to acquire knowledge or a skill through practice.
  • erfahren: to be told or find out some information or news.
VerbExampleMeaning
lernenIch lerne Deutsch, weil ich in Deutschland arbeiten möchte.I am learning German for work in Germany.
lernenIn diesem Kurs lernst du viel über Grammatik.You acquire knowledge about grammar.
erfahrenIch habe gerade erfahren, dass die Prüfung verschoben wird.I have just found out that the exam is postponed.
erfahrenWo kann ich mehr über den Kurs erfahren?Where can I get more information about the course?

4"ernst" vs. "ernsthaft"

  • ernst (adjective): serious, not funny; describes situations or people.
  • ernsthaft (adjective/adverb): genuinely, really meant, not just for fun or as a joke.
WordExampleMeaning
ernstDas ist eine sehr ernste Krankheit.This illness is serious.
ernstBist du ernst?Do you really mean that / are you serious?
ernsthaftWir müssen ernsthaft über unsere Zukunft sprechen.We must seriously talk about our future.
ernsthaftWillst du ernsthaft kündigen?Do you really want to quit?

5"gefallen" vs. "schmecken"

  • gefallen: to like something in general (appearance, style, idea). Note: it takes Dativ: "Mir gefällt …".
  • schmecken: to like the taste of food or drinks.
VerbExampleMeaning
gefallenMir gefällt dein neues Kleid.I like your new dress (it pleases me).
gefallenGefällt dir der Film?Do you like the film?
schmeckenDer Kuchen schmeckt mir sehr gut.I really like the taste of the cake.
schmeckenSchmeckt dir die Suppe nicht?Don’t you like the soup (its taste)?

6"wissen" vs. "kennen" (extra pair)

  • wissen: to know a fact or piece of information.
  • kennen: to be familiar with a person, place, work of art, etc.
VerbExampleMeaning
wissenIch weiß, dass er heute keine Zeit hat.I know that he has no time today.
wissenWeißt du, wie spät es ist?Do you know what time it is?
kennenIch kenne ihn seit vielen Jahren.I have known him for many years.
kennenKennst du dieses Restaurant?Are you familiar with / have you been to this restaurant?

After this lesson you should feel which verb or adjective sounds natural in common everyday situations.