TOPIC · Adverbs & particles
Classification of temporal adverbs in German
After this lesson you can recognize the main German temporal adverbs, classify them by meaning and place them correctly in simple sentences.
In this lesson you will learn common German temporal adverbs and how to classify and place them in sentences.
Overview
Temporal adverbs (Zeitadverbien) tell us wann (when), wie lange (how long), seit wann (since when) or wie oft (how often) something happens. They do not change their form and usually stand in the middle field of the sentence, often after the conjugated verb.
Examples:
- „Ich komme morgen.“ (I will come tomorrow.)
- „Wir haben gestern Deutsch gelernt.“ (We studied German yesterday.)
1Temporal adverbs by question words
a) Point in time (wann?)
These adverbs answer the question „wann?“.
| Question | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| wann? | „Ich komme heute.“ | general point in time |
| wann? | „Wir fahren morgen.“ | point in time in the future |
| wann? | „Er ist gestern angekommen.“ | point in time in the past |
| wann? | „Ich gehe jetzt nach Hause.“ | moment of speaking |
| wann? | „Sie kommt bald.“ | vague point in the near future |
b) Beginning, end, duration
| Question | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ab wann? | „Ab heute rauche ich nicht mehr.“ | starting point of an action |
| bis wann? | „Ich bleibe bis morgen.“ | end point of an action |
| seit wann? | „Ich lerne seit 2022 Deutsch.“ | starting point that continues to now |
| wie lange? | „Ich bleibe zwei Wochen hier.“ | total duration of an action |
c) Frequency (wie oft?)
| Question | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| wie oft? | „Ich gehe immer früh ins Bett.“ | every time |
| wie oft? | „Wir treffen uns oft.“ | high frequency |
| wie oft? | „Er kommt manchmal zu spät.“ | occasional repetition |
| wie oft? | „Sie ist selten krank.“ | low frequency |
2Classification by meaning
Here are typical groups with additional examples.
a) Point in time
| Category | Examples | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Zeitpunkt | damals, vorher, nachher, sofort, inzwischen | different points in past, present and future |
Examples:
- „Damals war ich noch in der Schule.“ (Back then I was still at school.)
- „Er ruft sofort an.“ (He will call immediately.)
b) Frequency
| Category | Examples | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Häufigkeit | nie, fast immer, meistens, regelmäßig | how often something happens |
Examples:
- „Sie kommt nie zu spät.“ (She never comes late.)
- „Wir trainieren regelmäßig.“ (We train regularly.)
c) Duration
Many time expressions behave like temporal adverbs.
| Category | Examples | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Dauer | lange, kurz, den ganzen Tag, die ganze Nacht | period of time of an action |
Examples:
- „Wir haben den ganzen Tag gearbeitet.“ (We worked the whole day.)
- „Er wartete lange.“ (He waited for a long time.)
d) Sequence / order
| Category | Examples | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Abfolge | zuerst, dann, danach, schließlich, vorher | order of actions |
Examples:
- „Zuerst esse ich, dann lerne ich.“ (First I eat, then I study.)
- „Wir gehen zuerst einkaufen und danach ins Kino.“ (We first go shopping and then to the cinema.)
3Position in the sentence
In a simple main clause, the temporal adverb usually stands after the conjugated verb and before the place.
Pattern: subject – verb – time – place – rest
Examples:
- „Ich fahre morgen nach Berlin.“ (I am going to Berlin tomorrow.)
- „Wir treffen uns heute im Park.“ (We are meeting in the park today.)
If you want to emphasize the time, you can put it at the beginning of the sentence. The verb stays in second position:
- „Morgen fahre ich nach Berlin.“ (Tomorrow I am going to Berlin.)
- „Heute lernen wir keine Grammatik.“ (Today we are not learning any grammar.)
summaryEn: After this lesson you can recognize the main German temporal adverbs, classify them by meaning and place them correctly in simple sentences.
Knowledge test
Classification of temporal adverbs in German
- 1.
Seit wann haben Sie Kopfschmerzen?
- 2.
Wie oft gehst du ins Kino?
- 3.
Ab wann sind Sie in Urlaub?

