Brottin

TOPIC · Articles & pronouns

Possessive Articles (Possessivartikel) in German

A1A2

After this lesson you can correctly form and use German Possessivartikel like „mein“, „dein“, „sein“, „ihr“, „unser“, „euer“ in Nominativ, Akkusativ and Dativ.

Possessive articles (Possessivartikel) show who something belongs to: mein, dein, sein, ihr, unser, euer, ihr, Ihr. They work like the indefinite articles ein, eine and change with gender (Genus), number (Singular/Plural) and case (Kasus: Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ).

Overview of Possessivartikel

Forms by person

PersonPossessivartikelExplanation
ichmein-belongs to “ich”
dudein-belongs to “du”
ersein-belongs to “er”
sie (Sing.)ihr-belongs to “sie” (singular, feminine)
essein-belongs to “es”
wirunser-belongs to “wir”
ihreuer-belongs to “ihr” (2nd person plural)
sie (Pl.)ihr-belongs to “sie” (plural)
SieIhr-formal “you”

Think of a stem + ending: mein + e, unser + en, euer + em, etc.

Declension in Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ

To keep it simple, we use mein- as a model. Other stems (dein-, sein-, etc.) use the same endings.

CaseMasculineNeuterFemininePlural
Nominativmeinmeinmeinemeine
Akkusativmeinenmeinmeinemeine
Dativmeinemmeinemmeinermeinen

Note: there is no -n ending in the Nominativ; -n appears in Akkusativ masculine (meinen Tisch) and Dativ plural (meinen Freunden).

Examples by case

Nominativ – Wer?/Was?

  • Das ist mein Stift. (That is my pen.) – “mein Stift” is the subject.
  • Ihre Tasche ist neu. (Her bag is new.) – “ihre Tasche” belongs to “sie”.

Akkusativ – Wen?/Was?

  • Ich habe deinen Stift. (I have your pen.) – “deinen Stift” is the object.
  • Sie kauft unser Auto. (She buys our car.)

Dativ – Wem?

  • Ich helfe meinem Freund. (I help my friend.) – “meinem Freund” is a Dativ object.
  • Wir danken unserer Lehrerin. (We thank our (female) teacher.)

Special point: „euer“

For euer-, the second e in the stem disappears in the singular when an ending is added:

  • Nominativ: euer Lehrer, eure Lehrerin, eure Kinder
  • Akkusativ: euren Lehrer
  • Dativ: eurem Lehrer, eurer Lehrerin

Typical mistakes and tips

  • Don’t confuse sein (possessive article) with sein (infinitive of the verb “sein”):
    • Das ist sein Buch. (That is his book.)
    • Er will Arzt sein. (He wants to be a doctor.)
  • Always check the noun’s gender:
    • mein Vater, but meine Mutter, mein Kind.

Practice

Fill in the correct Possessivartikel (Nominativ, Akkusativ or Dativ):

  1. Das ist ___ (ich) Auto. (This is my car.)
  2. Ich sehe ___ (du) Schwester. (I see your sister.)
  3. Er hilft ___ (sein) Bruder. (He helps his brother.)
  4. Wir besuchen ___ (unser) Freunde. (We visit our friends.)

Then compare your answers with the table and the examples.