TOPIC · Adjectives (Adjektive)

Adjectives as Nouns

B1

After this lesson, learners will be able to correctly use adjectives as nouns in German.

Adjectives as Nouns

In German, adjectives can also function as nouns when they are capitalized. This usage helps to avoid repetition in writing. In this lesson, you will learn how and when to use adjectives as nouns.

1. Designations of People

Certain adjectives are used as nouns for people. Here are some examples:

Masculine NounFeminine NounAdjective
der Altedie Altealt
der Reichedie Reichereich
der Krankedie Krankekrank
der Verzweifeltedie Verzweifelteverzweifelt
der Erwachsenedie Erwachseneerwachsen

Examples:

  • "Der Alte sitzt auf der Bank." (The old man sits on the bench.)
  • "Die Reiche gibt gerne Geld aus." (The wealthy woman enjoys spending money.)

2. Abstract Concepts

Adjectives can also be used as nouns for abstract concepts. Here are some examples:

Noun (Neuter)Noun (Plural)Adjective
das Schönenichts Schönesschön
das Guteviel Gutesgut
das Neuewenige Neueneu
das Wichtigeviele Wichtigewichtig

Examples:

  • "Das Gute besiegt oft das Böse." (The good often defeats the bad.)
  • "Das Neue hat seine Vorteile." (The new has its advantages.)

3. Participles as Nouns

Adjectives functioning as participles can also be used as nouns. Here are some examples:

Masculine NounFeminine NounParticiple
der Reisendedie Reisendereisend
der Lernendedie Lernendelernend
der Schlafendedie Schlafendeschlafend
der Gefangenedie Gefangenegefangen

Examples:

  • "Der Reisende hat nichts zu verlieren." (The traveler has nothing to lose.)
  • "Die Lernende macht ihre Hausaufgaben." (The learner is doing her homework.)

Conclusion

Using adjectives as nouns is an important skill in the German language. It helps to vary expression and allows for clear communication. Now you can use adjectives in different contexts and expand your vocabulary!